PROCOPTODON
The largest kangaroo to ever live, Procoptodon goliah (pro-cop-toe-don go-lie-ah) was one of the largest creatures to live in Australia after the extinction event that wiped out the dinosaurs.
Original Discovery
Procoptodon was first named in 1845 by the famous biologist and paleontologist Sir Richard Owen, the same paleontologist who named Iguanodon and Megalosaurus. He chose the name Procoptodon (meaning forward hill tooth) based on the shape of the creatures teeth.
Physical Appearance
Externally, Procoptodon would have appeared very similar to modern kangaroos, with the biggest differences being size, number of toes, and shape of the head. While it was large, Procoptodon was not the giant it is often depicted as. The image above shows that for most of its life, Procoptodon viewed the world from a height of 7 feet. However, it could stand taller to reach high growing plants, giving it a height of 10 feet! Procoptodon is a member of the single-toed kangaroos. This meant that Procoptodon only had one large toe on each foot. The final physical feature of Procoptodon was its short, broad skull. This skull design allowed the jaws of Procoptodon to be immensely strong.
Ecology
Procoptodon lived during the Pleistocene epoch or "Ice Ages"(1.8 million - 10,000 years ago), in Australia. During that time, the geography and climate of Australia was very similar to what it is today, with the largest difference being globally low sea levels allowing a land bridge to form between Australia and Tasmania. In this rugged land, Procoptodon would have used its unique arms to reach high above its head, allowing it to eat the tasty leaves that grew on the trees.
Being the second largest mammal living in Australia at the time, you would think that Procoptodon would have no natural predators. Procoptodon was not so lucky. Everywhere it went, the giant kangaroo would have been faced with danger. In the trees Procoptodon called food, there was the wombat relative Thylacoleo (aka, the marsupial lion). In the sink holes that were death traps for many creatures, the large snake Wonambi could have easily finished off anything unfortunate enough to fall in. Most dangerous of all, lurking in the bushes and scrub grass of the open plains, was the giant komodo dragon relative, Megalania. This giant monitor lizard grew up to 18 feet in length and was the top predator on the continent. Procoptodon coexisted with these predators for over a million years, but it could not out hop the new human menace in Australia.
Extinction
Like so many of the giant mammals, the cause of Procoptodon's extinction is unknown. The climate at the end of the Pleistocene was changing. This change in climate was accompanied by the spread of humans around the globe. It is likely that the environmental stress in Australia, compounded by the arrival of humans on the continent sent the giant kangaroo, and many other creatures, in to extinction.
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Image Credits
All images have been cropped to fit the space required
All images are used under Fair Use laws
Image credits are listed from top to bottom and from left to right
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Procoptodon
Original screenshot by: Liekeze
Taken in game: ARK: Survival Evolved
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Mounted Procoptodon skeleton
Original picture taken by: Your Daily Fossil
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Procoptodon size vs Human
Original artwork by: www.prehistoric-wildlife.com
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Megalania chasing Procoptodon
Original screenshot by: Liekeze
Taken in game: ARK: Survival Evolved
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Human hunting Procoptodon
Original screenshot by: Liekeze